Social Issues

Manoj Jarange Patil Resumes Indefinite Hunger Strike Demanding Maratha OBC Reservation

30 August 2026UPSCSSC

In Brief

Maratha activist Manoj Jarange Patil begins indefinite hunger strike pressing for Maratha quota under OBC category.

Prominent activist Manoj Jarange Patil has launched a fresh indefinite hunger strike in Maharashtra, demanding the immediate issuance of Kunbi OBC caste certificates to all Marathas. The agitation puts renewed pressure on the state administration regarding reservation frameworks.

Examiners frequently focus on key constitutional provisions: Article 15(4) and 16(4) enabling affirmative action, Article 342A (introduced by the 102nd Constitutional Amendment and modified by the 105th Amendment) restoring state powers to identify Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBCs).

UPSC Study NotesHIGHGS2 — Polity & Governance, Constitutional Law & Reservation Policy

GS2 — Polity & Governance, Constitutional Law & Reservation Policy

📌 Exam Angle

UPSC may ask MCQ on the 50% ceiling rule (Indra Sawhney judgment) and its constitutional basis, or ask how states can reclassify castes under Article 342A post-105th Amendment. Mains could explore: "Evaluate the conflict between state autonomy in identifying OBCs and the Supreme Court's 50% reservation cap" or "Discuss the constitutional validity of Maratha quota demands."

⚠️ Key Concerns

The movement highlights the tension between the 50% ceiling (Indra Sawhney, 1992) and the 105th Amendment (2021) which restored state powers to identify SEBCs—creating legal ambiguity. UPSC loves questions on judicial review vs. legislative intent and whether numerical caps can restrict state classification powers under Article 342A.

💡 Why It Matters

This reflects India's ongoing struggle to balance social justice with constitutional limits, affecting policy in multiple states. It demonstrates how judicial precedent and constitutional amendments create competing governance frameworks, directly impacting millions' access to reservations.

🔑 Must Remember

• 50% ceiling established in Indra Sawhney (1992) remains binding across all reservation categories. • Article 342A (102nd Amendment) and 105th Amendment modified state powers to identify OBCs independently. • Supreme Court's 2021 verdict struck down Maratha quota for exceeding the 50% limit.

📝 Key Terms

Indra Sawhney judgment50% ceilingArticle 15(4)Article 16(4)Article 342ASEBCs105th Constitutional AmendmentKunbi certificateOBC reclassification

Manoj Jarange Patil Resumes Indefinite Hunger Strike Demanding Maratha OBC Reservation

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