West Bengal drafts Uniform Civil Code bill for cabinet approval

West Bengal Chief Minister announced formation of a committee headed by a retired Supreme Court Judge to draft a Uniform Civil Code (UCC) bill, to be presented to state cabinet for approval on June 30, 2026. This makes West Bengal the latest state to move toward implementing a uniform civil code alongside Assam and Uttarakhand.

Background: The Uniform Civil Code remains a constitutionally mandated but politically contentious issue. Article 44 of the Constitution lists UCC as a Directive Principle of State Policy, requiring states to endeavor implementation. However, religious minority protections under Article 25-28 create constitutional tensions. Previous state attempts have faced legal and social challenges.

Key Facts: (1) Committee led by retired SC Judge ensures constitutional vetting; (2) West Bengal's move signals renewed federalism in UCC implementation; (3) Concerns raised about potential discrimination against minority communities; (4) Timing coincides with broader national UCC discussion post-Supreme Court observations.

Why It Matters: UCC is constitutionally mandated but politically sensitive, involving personal law reform across Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Sikh communities. This move affects marriage, divorce, succession, and inheritance laws affecting millions.

Exam Angle: Directive Principles (Art. 37-51), religious freedom (Art. 25-28), federalism, personal laws, constitutional tensions, state autonomy. Previous UPSC questions on UCC, Goa's civil code, Shah Bano case legacy. Likely questions: relationship between DPs and fundamental rights, state role in UCC implementation, constitutional challenges.